Ulster Covenant

On September 28, 1912, around half a million people signed the Ulster Covenant in support of civil and religious liberty and in opposition to Dublin-based Irish Home Rule. Rudyard Kipling wrote a poem about this stirring event called Ulster 1912. In remembrance, both the covenant (in two parts: a covenant for men and a declaration for women) and the poem are reproduced below.

The Covenant (for men)

BEING CONVINCED in our consciences that Home Rule would be disastrous to the material well-being of Ulster as well as of the whole of Ireland, subversive of our civil and religious freedom, destructive of our citizenship, and perilous to the unity of the Empire, we, whose names are underwritten, men of Ulster, loyal subjects of His Gracious Majesty King George V, humbly relying on the God whom our fathers in days of stress and trial confidently trusted, do hereby pledge ourselves in solemn Covenant, throughout this our time of threatened calamity, to stand by one another in defending, for ourselves and our children, our cherished position of equal citizenship in the United Kingdom, and in using all means which may be found necessary to defeat the present conspiracy to set up a Home Rule Parliament in Ireland. And in the event of such a Parliament being forced upon us, we further solemnly and mutually pledge ourselves to refuse to recognize its authority. In sure confidence that God will defend the right, we hereto subscribe our names. And further, we individually declare that we have not already signed this Covenant.

The Declaration (for women)

We, whose names are underwritten, women of Ulster, and loyal subjects of our gracious King, being firmly persuaded that Home Rule would be disastrous to our Country, desire to associate ourselves with the men of Ulster in their uncompromising opposition to the Home Rule Bill now before Parliament, whereby it is proposed to drive Ulster out of her cherished place in the Constitution of the United Kingdom, and to place her under the domination and control of a Parliament in Ireland. Praying that from this calamity God will save Ireland, we hereto subscribe our name

Ulster 1912
by Rudyard Kipling

Their webs shall not become garments,
neither shall they cover themselves with their works:
their works are works of iniquity
and the act of violence is in their hands
(Isaiah lix. 6).

The dark eleventh hour

Draws on and sees us sold

To every evil power

We fought against of old.

Rebellion, rapine, hate,

Oppression, wrong and greed

Are loosed to rule our fate,

By England’s act and deed.

The Faith in which we stand,

The laws we made and guard,

Our honour, lives, and land

Are given for reward

To Murder done by night,

To Treason taught by day,

To folly, sloth, and spite,

And we are thrust away.

The blood our fathers spilt,

Our love, our toils, our pains,

Are counted us for guilt,

And only bind our chains.

Before an Empire’s eyes

The traitor claims his price.

What need of further lies?

We are the sacrifice.

We asked no more than leave

To reap where we had sown,

Through good and ill to cleave

To our own flag and throne.

Now England’s shot and steel

Beneath that flag must show

How loyal hearts should kneel

To England’s oldest foe.

We know the war prepared

On every peaceful home,

We know the hells declared

For such as serve not Rome—

The terror, threats, and dread

In market, hearth, and field—

We know, when all is said.

We perish if we yield.

Believe, we dare not boast,

Believe, we do not fear

We stand to pay the cost

In all that men hold dear.

What answer from the North?

One Law, one Land, one Throne

If England drive us forth

We shall not fall alone!